Ko te whakatipu purapura te kaupapa matua o te whakahaere whakatipu huawhenua. He maha ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā huawhenua i roto i te whakatipu purapura tuku iho, pērā i te iti o ngā tipu kaha me ngā tipu ōrite, ā, mā ngā paepae purapura ēnei ngoikoretanga e whakakapi. Me ako tātou mō ngā tikanga hangarau o te whakato huawhenua ki roto i ngā paepae purapura.
1. Te kōwhiringa o ngā paepae purapura
Ko te rahi o te paepae purapura he 54*28cm te whānui, ā, ko ngā whakaritenga e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko 32 ngā kōhao, 72 ngā kōhao, 105 ngā kōhao, 128 ngā kōhao, 288 ngā kōhao, me ētahi atu. Kōwhiria ngā whakaritenga rerekē mō ngā paepae purapura kia rite ki te rahi o ngā tipu huawhenua. Mō ngā tipu nunui, whiriwhiria ngā paepae purapura he iti ake ngā kōhao, ā, mō ngā tipu iti, whiriwhiria ngā paepae purapura he nui ake ngā kōhao. Hei tauira: mō ngā tipu tōmato me ngā rau pono e 6-7, whiriwhiria ngā kōhao e 72, ā, mō ngā tōmato me ngā rau pono e 4-5, whiriwhiria ngā kōhao e 105, 128 rānei.
2. Te patu huakita i te paepae purapura
Haunga ngā paepae hou kua whakamahia mō te wā tuatahi, me patu huakita ngā paepae tawhito i mua i te whakatipu tipu hei ārai i te horapa o ngā mate urutā i roto i ngā paepae whakatipu. He maha ngā tikanga patu huakita. Ko tētahi ko te rumaki i te paepae tipu ki te 0.1% ki te 0.5% otinga pāhare pākawa mō te neke atu i te 4 hāora; ko te tuarua ko te rehu i te paepae tipu ki te 1% ki te 2% otinga formalin, kātahi ka hipoki ki te kiriata kirihou ka whakamakuku mō te 24 hāora; ko te tuatoru ko te rumaki ki te 10% paura whakama mō te 10 ki te 20 meneti, kātahi ka horoi i te paepae tipu ki te wai ma hei whakamahi.
3. Te wā rui
Ko te whakatau i te wā rui e ahu mai ana i ngā āhuatanga e toru o te kaupapa whakatipu (te pakari wawe, te ngahuru roa rānei), te tikanga whakatipu (te whakatipu whare, te whakatipu whenua rānei) me ngā whakaritenga pāmahana mō te tipu o ngā huawhenua. Ko te tikanga, ka mahia te rui i te marama kotahi i mua i te whakatōnga o ngā tipu huawhenua.
4. Te whakarite i te oneone matūkai
Ka taea te hoko i te oneone matūkai hei oneone tipu kua oti te hanga, ka taea rānei te whakarite e koe i runga i te tauira o te peat: vermiculite: perlite = 2:1:1. Whakaranua te 200 karamu o te paura makuku 50% carbendazim ki roto i ia mita pūtoru o te oneone matūkai hei patu huakita me te whakahoromata. Mā te whakaranu i te 2.5kg o te tongi matūkai nui-phosphate ki roto i ia mita pūtoru o te oneone matūkai ka āwhina i te pakiaka me te whakapakari i ngā tipu.
5. Te rui
Tāpirihia he wai ki te oneone matūkai, ka whakaoho kia mākū, kātahi ka maka te papa mākū ki roto i tētahi tirei ka whakamāeneene ki tētahi rākau roa. Me pēhi te papa kua tāutahia kia māmā ake ai te whakatakotoranga o ngā purapura. Ko te hohonutanga o te pēhanga o te kōhao he 0.5-1cm. Whakauruhia ngā purapura kua pania ki roto i ngā kōhao mā te ringa, kotahi te purapura mō ia kōhao. Taupokina ki te oneone matūkai maroke, kātahi ka waruhia mai i tētahi pito o te tirei kōhao ki tētahi pito mā te whakamahi i tētahi waru, tangohia te oneone matūkai nui, ka whakataurite ki te tirei kōhao. I muri i te rui, me whakamakuku te tirei kōhao i te wā tika. Mā te tirotiro kanohi ka kite i ngā pata wai kei raro i te tirei kōhao.
6. Te whakahaere i muri i te rui
Me nui ake te pāmahana me te haumākū mō ngā purapura i te wā e pihi ana. Ko te pāmahana e hiahiatia ana kia mau tonu ki te 32~35℃, ā, i te pō he 18~20℃. Kāore e whakamakukuhia i mua i te pihinga. I muri i te pihinga kia puta ngā rau tūturu, me whakanui ake te whakamakuku i te wā e tika ana kia rite ki te makuku o te oneone o te moenga purapura, me te whakawhitiwhiti i waenga i te maroke me te mākū, ā, me whakamakuku pai i ia whakainu. Mena ka neke ake te pāmahana i roto i te whare kati kōtuhi i te 35℃, me whakapūhau te hau hei whakamatao i te whare kati kōtuhi, ā, me tango te kiriata whenua i te wā tika hei karo i te wera nui o ngā tipu.
Ka taea e ngā paepae purapura huawhenua te whakatipu tipu kaha, te whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā tipu huawhenua, me te whakapiki ake i ngā painga ōhanga o te whakato huawhenua. Kei a Xi'an Yubo te whānuitanga o ngā paepae purapura hei whakarato i ngā kōwhiringa maha atu mō āu whakato huawhenua.
Wā tuku: 23 o Ākuhata-2024
